#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

void print72(char *p);
void main(){
   
   // not a c string
   char s[3];
   s[0] = 'a';
   s[1] = 'b';
   s[2] = 'c';
   cout << s << endl;

   // is a c string
   char fixed[4];
   fixed[0] = 'a';
   fixed[1] = 'b';
   fixed[2] = 'c';
   fixed[3] = '\0';
   cout << fixed << endl;

   // string pointer
   char *p = s;
   cout << p << endl;
   p = fixed;
   cout << p << endl;

   // string literal to function
   print72("My Message");

   // create an array size 4
   char x[] = "012";
   cout << x[0] << endl;
   cout << x[1] << endl;
   cout << x[2] << endl;
   cout << x[3] << endl;

   // not valid 
   //s = fixed;
   //cout << s << endl;

   // valid for c
   strcpy(x, fixed);
   cout << x << endl;
   string cpps("init"), cs = "final";
   cout << cpps << " " << cs << endl;
   if(cpps == cs)cout << " cpps == cs " << endl;
   if(cpps <= cs)cout << " cpps <= cs " << endl;
   if(cpps >= cs)cout << " cpps >= cs " << endl;


   cpps = cs;
   if(cpps == cs)cout << " cpps == cs " << endl;
   cout << cpps << endl;

   // copy constructor
   string ape(cs), tree("tree"), banana("banana");
   cout << ape << endl;
   cout << ape.length() << endl;
   cout << ape[3] << endl;
   ape = tree + " and a " +banana;
   cout << ape << endl;

   // cin parses on a space
   string fn, ln;
   cout << " enter your name (first and last)" << endl;
   cin >> fn;
   cout << fn;
   cin >> ln;
   cout << " " << ln << endl;

   // cin parses on a change in type
   int n,d; 
   char line;
   cout << "enter a fraction like 1/2" << endl;
   cin >> n >> line >> d;
   cout << n << line << d << endl;


}
void print72(char *p){
	cout << p << endl;
	cout << 72 << endl;
}